Studies of psychological outcomes of cosmetic surgery generally provide low standards of \r\nevidence due to significant methodological limitations and few studies have explored the \r\noutcomes of surgery types other than breast reduction or have compared post-operative \r\noutcomes for different surgery types. This study therefore aimed to explore the psychological \r\noutcomes and post-operative satisfaction of cosmetic surgery and compare the outcomes and \r\nsatisfaction of participants undergoing different procedures. Surveys were administered to a \r\nsample of 142 elective cosmetic surgery patients prior to surgery and six months after surgery. \r\nThe surveys included standardised measures of body image (appearance evaluation, \r\nappearance orientation, body areas satisfaction), self-esteem, and mental health (psychiatric \r\ndisturbance, anxiety, depression, dysmorphic concerns). The findings revealed high rates of \r\npost-operative satisfaction and significant improvements in several dimensions of body image \r\n(appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction) and mental health (anxiety, depression, and \r\ndysmorphic concerns), but not self-esteem. Breast augmentation patients reported significantly \r\nhigher improvement on appearance evaluation, significantly higher ratings of how likely they \r\nthought it was that they had achieved, or would achieve, what they were looking for in having \r\nthe procedure, and a trend to report that the overall result of surgery was better than or as \r\nexpected than rhinoplasty patients. It is recommended that future research clarifies the degree \r\nto which self-esteem and indices of mental health improve after cosmetic surgery and fully \r\nestablishes the impact of different procedures on psychological outcomes. Level of Evidence. \r\nTherapeutic Study, Level II.
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